MicroRNAs of tumor extracellular vesicles: secretion mechanisms and function

Yangyang Ye; Jingwen Fang; Ye Wang; Jing Li; Xiaoming Xue

doi:10.55092/exrna20240001

Review

Open Access

MicroRNAs of tumor extracellular vesicles: secretion mechanisms and function

Yangyang Ye¹Jingwen Fang²Ye Wang²Jing Li²^,∗Xiaoming Xue¹^,∗

¹ School of Criminal Science and Technology, Nanjing Police University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China

² Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Centre of Molecular Diagnostic and Therapy, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Jiangsu Engineering Research Centre for MicroRNA Biology and Biotechnology, NJU Advanced Institute of Life Sciences (NAILS), Institute of Artificial Intelligence Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China

* jingli220@nju.edu.cn; xuexm@nfpc.edu.cn

Volume
Volume 6 Issue 1, 2024
Citation
Ye Y, Fang J, Wang Y, Li J, Xue X. MicroRNAs of tumor extracellular vesicles: secretion mechanisms and function. ExRNA 2024(1):0001, https://doi.org/10.55092/exrna20240001.
DOI
10.55092/exrna20240001
Copyright
Copyright2024 by the authors. Published by ELSP.

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are heterogeneous membranous vesicles released from many cell types into the extracellular space. EVs containing microRNAs (EV-miRNAs) are selectively secreted in response to various pathological and physiological conditions, serving as novel mediators for intercellular crosstalk. EV-miRNAs play significant roles in diverse physiologies and diseases. Especially, accumulating evidence supports the role of tumor-derived EV-miRNAs in tumorigenesis. EV-miRNAs mediate the communications between tumor cells and non-malignant cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby affecting angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, drug resistance and immunity evasion. In this review, we summarize the evidence on the selectivity of miRNAs secretion and underlying mechanisms. We also describe the pathological functions of tumor-derived EV-miRNAs on tumorigenesis and secretion. Then, we discuss the potential applications of EV-miRNAs as biomarkers in cancer diagnosis and prognosis.

Keywords

extracellular vesicles; extracellular miRNAs; miRNAs secretion mechanisms; tumor microenvironment; cancer

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