Driven by advancements in nanotechnology and biomedicine, multifunctional nanomaterials integrating photodynamic therapy (PDT) and sonodynamic therapy (SDT) are paving new avenues for efficient tumor treatment. In this study, titanium-protoporphyrin coordinated nanoparticles (TiPPs) with a uniform particle size (~70 nm) were successfully fabricated via coordination self-assembly, achieved through the rational selection of a biocompatible metal and functionalized organic ligand. Experimental results demonstrated that after 6 minutes of light or ultrasound irradiation, TiPPs exhibited high reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation efficiency, with DPBF oxidation rates of 71.6% (light group) and 46.6% (ultrasound group), confirming their excellent photo- and sono-responsive ROS production capabilities. Notably, in vitro cytotoxicity assays and in vivo tumor-bearing mouse model studies revealed that the PDT-SDT combination therapy achieved significantly higher tumor inhibition rates than single-mode treatments. This study not only establishes an efficient dual-modal synergistic therapeutic platform but also introduces an innovative paradigm for the development of multifunctional sensitizers through metal-organic coordination engineering, highlighting promising clinical applications.