The ongoing advancement in intelligent construction technology is driving the intelligent transformation of the traditional construction industry. Prefabricated construction, noted for its efficiency, environmental friendliness, and reduced labor requirements, has attracted significant attention. While research on intelligent construction in the prefabricated industry is expanding, comprehensive literature reviews analyzing and synthesizing these findings remain limited. To this end, this article undertakes a systematic literature review, analyzing 114 papers closely related to intelligent methodologies in prefabricated construction. It encompasses the prefabricated construction lifecycle: design, manufacturing, construction, and operations and maintenance. Statistical analysis reveals that building information modeling (BIM), the genetic algorithm, and laser scanning have emerged as the three most prevalent intelligent methodologies in this field. Furthermore, we conducted an in-depth literature analysis and identified the current research gaps. Future directions are suggested, including generative artificial intelligence design, dynamic production scheduling optimization methods, fully automated process quality inspection methods, long-range transportation methods for electric vehicles, low-cost digital twin monitoring techniques, and multidimensional, comprehensive lifecycle management systems. This review aims to provide readers with a clear understanding of recent research developments in intelligent methodologies for prefabricated construction, thereby facilitating the intelligent transformation of the traditional construction industry.